nichols



Feb. 27, 1923.

, 1,447,032. H. M. NICHOLS.

BARREL MAKING APPARATUS. man JUNEzs, 192i.

A 62 @dyf- 5 SHEETS-SHEET l- 2 ATTORNEY.

Feb. 27, 1923.

BARREL MAKING APPARATUS.

5 SHTSJSHEET 2.

FILED JUNE 25| 1921.

12T/WOA. L BY @m-Mfg. @2M lATToRA/EY. l

Feb. 27, 1923. 1,447,032. H. IVI. NICHOLS.

BARREL MAKlNG APPARATUS.

FILED JUNE 25. 192k`- 5 SHEETSTSHEET 3.

I N V EN TOR.

flmmm www2-@CGM l@ ATTORNEY.

Eeb. 27, 1923.

H. M. NICHOLS.

BARREL MAKING APPARATUS. v

FILED JUNE 25,1921.

5 `SHEETS-.SHEET 4.

NI/ENTOR.

i A TToRNEY.

Feb. 27, 1923. 1,447,032.

l H. lvl` NICHOLS. `BARREL MAKING APPARATUS.

FILED JUNE 25| 1.921. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

( ATTORNEY.;

Patented Feb. Z7, 1923.

-HOWARD M. NICHOLS, OF SWARTHMORE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TOTI-IE ATLANTEC REFINING COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, ,-PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION`OF PENNSYLVANIA; f

BARREL-MAKING Arrannros.

Application filed June 25, 1921. .SerialNo.48(L233.Y

To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, HOWARD M. NICHOLS, a citizen oit' the United States, residing at Swarthmore, county of Eelaware, Stateot Pennsylvania, have invented a new and us'eful Barrel-Making Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My inventionfrelates to barrelA making machinery, and particularly to apparatus whereby the assembledv barrel staves may be chamiered, trimmed, howeled and crozed.`

. ln accordance with my invention, barrels of various or different lengths may be chamifered, trimmed, howeled and crozed in'vone operation.

Further in accordance'lwith my invention, barrels of various or diierent diameters formed of old .orl new staves, or in part of old and in partofvnew staves, may be chamfered, trimmed, howeled and crozed in one operation.

By employment of apparatus embodying my invention, less material is spoiled, the quality of the work is greatly improved, and there is saved 'a large part of the cest of labor involved in chamfering, trimming,

howeling and crozing by hand.

My invention resides in and features of construction hereinafter described'and claimed.l

For an illustration ofone of the various forms my invention may take, reference is to be had tothe accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is'a fragm ntary sectional view illustrating the operations perf0'rmed upon the barrel staves. v

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of apparatus embodying my invention. Fig. 3 is an end elevational apparatus shown ink Fig'. 2.v

Fig. 4 is a 'fragmentary plan view illustrating the trimming knife structure.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view, partly in section, illustrating parts oi'my apparatus. Fig. 6 is a ragmentary'side elevational view of the safetycap and associated parts. Fig. f7 is an end relevational -`view ofthe structure Shown in Fig. 6. l 'Y Fig. 8 is a `fragmentary side elevational view of the barrel rotating structure.'

Fig. 9 is an endelevational view of the structure shown in Fig. 8.

view vof the the apparatus Fig.v ll0 is a sideelevational view ,of the rocking frame and associated parts.

same.

ing a shaft drive. Fig. 13 is' a*A side elevation ,of the 'barrel cradle and associated parts.

Fig.v 14 is an end sameq ,Y t.

Fig. 15 is. a side elevationalview of parts shownin Fig. 13. i 'Referring to Fig. l, there is shown in section the 'end' of a barrel stave s' which Fig. 1l` isan .end elevational viewy of lthe Y Fig. l2' is' an end elevational view show- Y elevational'view ofvhthe has been subjected to the operations perf art as performed upon the'staves of abarrel whose" head is introduced into thehowel and'crozeand therein snuglyl held by-Y a hoop or hoo-ps vdriven 'longitudinally' ofthebafrrel staves, asfromf the left toward the right,

` Fig. l.

y Referringto Figs. 2 and 3, F is anyfsuitable frame supporting or carrying various partsof my apparatus.

Journalled fn the frame F is-the 'shaft S upon one vend of which `issecured the ro'- tary cutter head or crozer head Ccarrying, as` well'understood in the art, the ch-amfer, howel'and ycrozingcutters or knives.

Fivoted to the frame F at l is the roclrl ingfframe R `connected by link bar 2lwith the lever 3 pivoted at 4 and lcarrying-at its opposite end the counterweights 5'. To'the lever 3 `is attached thefi'oot treadle 6 by Vwhich the lever'3 'and attachedparts are actuated, the downwardgor counterclockwise `rotationy ofthelrocking frame R, as

viewed-iin FigjB, being limited bythe adjustable set screw 7 carried by the `frame F. The rocking frame R is provided at its one side with the circular or vother suitable open1ng`9 for-receiving the end of a barrel B, the' latter indicated in dotted lines lin Fig. 2, in full linesin Figs. liland 14, and in fragmentary section in Fig. 5. Depending from the rocking frame R are the bracket members y"l0"-and ll, tol which are pivoted, respectively,at 12 and 13 the barrely guides 14 and Yl5, the latter having the two barrel-engaging portions 16 and 17. The member 14 partakes of limited movement upon its pivot 12, the extent of movement being limited by the slot 18 in the member 14 through which extends the fixed bolt 19. Similarly, the member 15 Dartakes of movement upon its pivot 13, the extent of the movement being limited by the slot 20 through which extends the fixed bolt 21.

The guide members 14 and 15 form, therefore, a three-point suspension or engagement for the inside of the barrel B adjacent that end thereofl presented to the cutter C, and upon these yielding` guide members the barrel is, supported while subjected to the cutting operations and simultaneously rotated by the toothed Vwheel T engaging the barrel B on its periphery.

The shaft S is driven by anyv suitable means, as by a pulley or equivalent, not shown. The toothed barrel-rotating wheel T is driven by the shaftS through an suitable` means. In the example illustrate there is secured upon the shaft S a pulley 22, Fig. 12, which drives the belt 23, which in turn drives the pulley 24 secured upon the idler shaft 25which in turn drives the pulley 26 which drives the belt 27 which in turn drives the pulley 28 secured upon the shaft S1, upon which is secured a gear 29 meshing with and driving the gear 30 secured upon the shaft S2 upon which is secured the aforesaid barrel-rotating wheel T. The shafts S and S1 are carried by the frame F, the shaft S1 and the pivot 1 for the rocking frame R being co-axial or identical. The shaft S2 is carried by the bracket 31 pivoted upon the shaft S1, and t-o the bracket 31 is secured the hand lever 32 by which the shaft S2 and the wheel T driven thereby may be rotated about the shaft S1 as a center to bring thetoothedwheel T into engagement with the exterior Yof the end of the barrel. The lever 32 carries a counterweight 33, as indicated in Figs.f2, 3., 8 and 9, which counterweight withdraws the wheel T from operative driving relation` with respect to the barrel into the shield 34 when the hand lever 32 is released.

Referring to Figs. 2, 3,6 and 7, K is a safety cap for enclosing the cutter head C when not engaged with a barrel, the cap. K preventing contact with the rotating cutter head by the hands or person of the operator. The cap K is open at its left end, Figs. 2 and 6, t0 pass over the cutter head C, and is closed at its opposite end. The cap K is secured to a member 35 pivoted at 36 to a bracket 37 secured upon the frame F. vPivoted at 38 to the bracket 10 carried by the rocking frame lt, and therefore movable therewith is the downwardly extending rod 39 extending through a hole in the lever 40 pivoted at 41 to the bracket 42 secured to the frame F. Carried by the rod 39 on 0pposit'e sides of the end of the lever 40 are the springs 43 and 44, between which the lever 40 is yieldingly held. At the opposite end of the lever 40 is hung the counterweight 45. Pivoted to the lever 40 at 46 is a rod 47, pivoted at 48 to the bell crank 49 pivoted at 50 t0 the bracket 51 secured to the frame F. Pivoted to the bell crank 49 at 52 is a. rod 53 pivoted to the member 35 at 54.

The closed end of the safety cap K is provided with a door or flap 55 hinged to the cap at 56 and preferably carrying a weight 57 which biases it to vertical position, whereby when the cap is in position covering the cutter C, as indicated in Fig. 6, the door or iiap 55 is closed, whereas when the cap K is in the position indicated in Figs. 2 and3, whenthe cutter is in operation and the cap removed'therefrom, the iiap or door opens, allowing any accumulated chips or shavings to drop out.

Referring t'o Figs. 2, 13, 14 and 15, A is a cradle for receiving and holding the barrel B, which upon delivery to the cradle from right toward the left, as viewed in Figs. k2 and 13,.rolls upon the idler rollers 58 and 59 pivoted upon the cradle A. When the barrel is in the position indicated in Fig. 2 and is rotated by the toothed wheel T, it rolls upon the idler rollers 60 and 61 pivoted upon the cradle A. l

The cradle A has downwardly extending lugs 62` and 63 by which it is pivoted upon the shaft`64 carried by the standards 65 resting upon the floor or other support and connected by braces 66 with the frame F. The cradle is capable of sliding movement longitudinally of the shaft 64 between the collars or stops 67, which sliding movement, in addition to the rocking movement of the cradle upon the shaft 64, permits a barrel, notwithstanding variationsv in diameter or other dimensions, being properly and suitably located with respect to the cutter head C and associated mechanism. Secured to the cradle A at its left end, Figs. 2 and 13, is the bar 68 which at its other end is suitably attached to the foot-operated lever 3.

Referring' to F 4 and 5, there are carried by the frame F vertical pins 69, 69, extending through diagonal slots 70', 70 in a block Vor member 71k carrying the trimmer knife 72, whose cutting edge or end may be advanced toward the end of a barrel or removed therefrom by the operating lever 73 pivoted at 7 4 to a fixed bracket- 75 and pivoted at 76 te the rod 77 pivoted at 78 to the block 71. By advancing the knife into engagement with the end of the rotating barre-l, the end of the barrel is trimmed to correspond, for example, to the trim a of Fig. 1.

The operation is asv follows:

The barrel staves,l which may be staves from old barrels, or new staves, or both new and old staves, are assembled with the usual temporary truss hoops on the outside, so forming a barrelwithoutvheads. The operator places the barrel upon the cradle A, which may rock upon the pivot.64 and which may slide sidewise,'longitudinally of that shaft. The cradle makes itV possible properly to locate barrels of different diameters or sizes with respect to the' crozer head or cutter head C. With the barrel upon the cradle, its end is passed over the safety cap K, which at this time is in the positionindicated in Fig. 6, that is, coveringthecrozer head C; the barrel inv this position vrests upon the yielding guides 14 `and 15 lwith which the inside of the barrel end contacts.

The shaft S carrying the crozer head C isv now set in motion, unless it has been left running after operating upon th'ep-receding barrel. The operator then actuates the main control lever 3, as by foot treadle 6,(or any other suitable means, tilting the lever 3 upon pivot 4 in opposition to the counterweight 5, in counterclockwise direction, yasviewed in Figs. 3, 1() and 14. Such movement of 15 upon which'the inside of the barrel is resting are similarly lowered bythe aforesaid movement of the rocking frame R, bringing the inside of the end of the barrel into proper rela-tion with the cutter 'hea-d C, the extent of descent of the frameR being limited by the adjusting screw 7, which determines the depth olf cut by the knives on the crozer or cutter head C.' The operator now rpulls downwardly upon the hand lever 3Q, bringing the rotating toothed wheel T into engagement with the outside of they barrel, causing it to rotate while the crozer orcutter head C is rotating'at high speed, whereby the ehamfer, howel and croze are cut 'circumferentially inside the .barrel at its end. When the barrel has made at least one complete revolution in conta-ct withthe knives of the cutter head, the lever 32 is re'- leased and the counterweight 33 withdraws the Wheel T from the barrel. may then be stopped, or if desired, may be allowed to continue to rotate until the next barrel is operated upon.

By actua-ting the lever 7 3, the trimmer knife 72 is brought into engagement with the end of the rotating barrel to trim the end thereof. This trimming` action may be performed before, after or during the operation of cuttingthe croze, howel and'chamfer.

'the `work are barrel.

Uponl release of the lever 3, asbyremoval i of the foot vof the operator fromthe trea-dle 6, the `counterweight 5 irestoresit to its nor.- mal position, .Causing the rocking .frame R `toreturn to itsnormal positionandthe cap K-.to return to yitsposition 4covering or clos- Y ing thecutter head C.l yTheV barrel is` then turned end for, end, andthe. same.A operation is performedupon its other'endilv llBy apparatusrof the characterabove described, barrels offvariousr or different lengths may be chamfered, trimmed,ihoweled and crozed inone operation".4 Furthermore, barrels of Various or different diameters made up of old staves, or new'staves,.o1f both, may be 'chamfered, trimmedhoweledand crozed in one operation. yThelabor cost involved in chamfering, trimming, howeling.1a'nd crozingbarrels by hand, particularly'when made from old, that is, 'previouslyused staves, isfvery greatly reduced by recourse to my apparatus, in some cases at least 60 per cent of the cost of hand operationbeing eliminated. Furthermore, less -material is*L spoiled and; the 'quality and uniformity of greatly improved.` v What Iclaim is:

1. Barrel making apparatuscomprising a rotatable cutter head, a frame 'upon 4which theinner side` of one end ofafbarrell may rest, meansv for supporting the other. f end ofthe barrel, and meansfor moving said frame radially of the cutterhead to-'tilt the i rst `mentioned end of the .barrel 'toward arid'from said head. n 'i 2. HBarrel'making apparatus comprising a cutter head, a'frame upon which the inner side of one endof a barrel mayrest, 4means for supporting the other end of the barrel, means for moving said 'frame' tof-tiltklthe iirst mentioned end-of the lbarrel vtoward and 4from said cutterl head, and means` for rotating the barrel about its-,longitudinalk axis, the said rotating means serving-,also vto hold the barrel in 4position upon `the said supporting means.` f Y 3.l Barrel .makingapparatus comprising a cutter head,.a frame movable,Y with vrespectv thereto, andguide members loosely mounted upon said frame upon fixed points' ofsupport-to form a plurality of equalized points of support-for the inside ofthe end vof a guide members with vrespect vto said cutterv head. l 1

5. Barrel makingapparatus comprisinga cutter head, lmovable Vmeans for supporting n agbarrel r'and'.forbringing1its `one endinto operative relation to said cutter head, a relatively stationary support for the other end of the barrel, means v'for rotating said barrel comprising a rotary member engaging vthe exterior of the barrel, 4and means for moving said rotary member to and from engagementvvith said barrel.

`G. Barrel making. apparatus comprising a cutter head, movable means orsupporting a barrel and'bringing its one end intol operative relation to saidcutterhead, a relatively stationary support for theother end of the barrehmeans tor rotating said barrel With respect to said cutter head comprising a rotary toothed Wheel adapted to engage the exterior of the barrel,-and means for moving said Wheel to and from engagement with the barrel. n

7. Barrel making apparatus comprising a cutter head, a frame for supporting one end of a barrel in operative relation to said cutter head, means for movingsaid frame to tilt the barrel with respect to said cutter head, and adjustablel means predetermining the extent of movement of the barrel toward said cutter head.

8. Barrel making apparatusV comprising a. cutter head,` a cradle for receiving a barrel, and means for pivoting said cradle for moving the barrel end with respect tov said cutter head.

9. Barrel making apparatus Comprising a cutter head, a movable frame for engaging one end of a barrel to position said end radially of the cutter head, and a cradle for receiving thefbarrel,` the said cradle being slidablyl supported to permit `movement thereof in a plane transverse to the path oit movement of said frame.

10. Barrel making apparatus comprising a. cutter head, a cradle for receiving a barrel, a pivotal support for said cradle, and means allowing transverse movement of said cradle.

11. Barrel making apparatus comprising a cutter head, a control lever, a rocking Jframe for supporting a'barrel end movable by said lever, a pivoted cradle Jfor holding the barrel, and a connection from said cradle to said lever.

r12. Barrel making apparatus comprising a cutter head, a Jframe, means on the frame adapted to engage the inner side of one end ot a. barrel and of such structure that they automatically conform themselves to the curi/'attire of. barrels of various diameters, and means for moving the said support to tilt one'end of the barrel toward and Jfrom the said cutter head.

13. Barrel making apparatus comprising a cutter head, a pivoted frame, guides carried by said frame and upon Which the insidev of the end of'a barrel is adapted to rest, means for rocking said frame With respect to said cutter head, a rotary member adapted lto engage the outside of the barrel to rotate the same, and an arm supporting said rotary member and pivoted concentrically with saidr frame and movable independently of said frame toward and away from the barrel.

111. Barrelmaking apparatus comprising a cutter head, a frame, means on the frame adapted to engage a barrel and oi such structure that they automatically conform themselves Ito the curvature of barrels et various diameters, and means for moving the saidtrame Ato move one end oi the han rel toward and from the said cutter head.

15. Barrel making apparatus comprising a cutter head, a frame movable With respect thereto, guide structure carried by said frame and upon which the inside of the end of a barrel is adapted to rest, and means engaging the barrel exteriorly thereof for eecting its rotation.

16. Barrel making apparatus comprising a cutter head,a frame movable With respect thereto, guide members carried by said frame and upon which the inside ot the end of va barrel is adapted to rest, and means for imparting relative rotating movement to the barrel and the said cutter head, the said meansY serving also t0 hold the barrel in engagement With the said guide members.

17. Barrel making apparatus comprising a cutter head, a movable frame, guide meinbersI on said frame Yfor sup-porting a barrel with its end in operative relation to said cutter head, and a rotatable member for rotating the barrel and holding it in engagement With the said guide members.

18. Barrel making apparatus comprising a cutter headrotatable about a fixed axis, a guide member adapted to be engaged by the inside of the end of a barrel and movable radially or" the cutter, and an actuating member for engaging the exterior oi' the barrel to rotate the same and to hold it in engagement with the said guide member.

va cradle for supporting` one end ot a barrel and tiltable on a horizontal anis disposed transversely of the barrel. a cutter head, guide members for supporting` the other end of said barrel, and located adjacent to said cutter head, rotating means for holding the barrel in engagement with said guide members, and means for moving said guide meinbers in a direction radial to the barrel, the said guide members and the barrel rotating means being respectively disposed interiorly and exteriorly of the said other end ofthe barrel.

21. Barrel `making apparatus comprising a cutter'head, and a cradle for supporting a barrel With one end thereof adjacent tothe cutter head, the cradle being mounted upon a horizontal pivot disposed transversely .of

the barrel and having free pivotal move#- ment.

22. Barrel making apparatus' comprising a rotatable cutter head mounted upon a fixed..

axis, and a cradle for supporting a barrel with one end thereof adjacent to the cutter head, the cradle being mounted upon'a horizontal pivot disposed transversely of the barrel and having free pivotal movement.

23. Barrel making apparatus comprising a cutter head, a rocking frame `for supporting a barrel `for movement to operative kpoa cutter head,'a rocking frame for support` ing a barrel for movement to operative position With respect to said cutter head, barrel-rotating means carried by said frame, a

control lever for the said frame, a lever for y controlling the operation of the said barrelrotatin means, and countervveights for normally olding said levers in retracted position for supporting the other end of the barrel,

26. Barrel-making apparatus comp-rising a cutter head, a frame upon'vvhich the inner side of one end of a barrel may-rest, means means for moving said frame to-tilt the rst mentioned end of the barrel toward and from said cutter head, and mea-ns for rotat` ing the barrel about its longitudinal axis.

27'. A barrel crozing machine comprising a xed rotating crozing cutter, and a support movable in the cutting plane of the cutter toward and from the same, adapted to* engage the inner upper side of one' end of the barrel adjacent the cutter and to sup-v port this end in proper relation to the cutter, andthe form and dimensions of lWhich both circumferentially and axially of the, barrel are suchas to permit one end of the barrel to be tilted dovvnupon or away from and from the cutter. 28.. Barrel making apparatus comprising a cutter, a frame, guide membersmounted j u on the frame in position to .be engaged by `the end of a-barrel and spaced -circurn-.Ee'ren-y tially With respect tothe barrel, and means fory moving said frame to carrythe barrel toward and from said cutter, thefsaid guide members being loosely mounted topermit them to assume positions in conformity with barrels of various curvatures.

In testimony whereof Ihave hereunto af- 28rd dayv of June,-

xed my signature this 1921.

HOWARD M. NICHOLS."

said support and to move therewith toward 

